The Existentialism of Jean-Paul Sartre

Routledge | 2008-12-12 | ISBN: 0415411181 | 169 pages | PDF | 1,4 MB

Recent developments in ethical discourse have brought the issue of the nature and development of character traits to the forefront of philosophical debate once again. This discussion tends to revolve around theories derived from Aristotle’s account of character, and overlooks Sartre’s existentialist alternative entirely.
This accessible book presents an existentialist alternative to the currently ominant Aristotelian view of character. It will be of interest, therefore, to academics and graduate students concerned with virtue ethics and the theory of character as much as to those concerned with Sartre and existentialism in general. The book should set both the agenda and the standard for future discussions of Sartre’s work within philosophical discourse.

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Science For Humanism: The Recovery of Human Agency

Routledge | 2009-03-27 | ISBN: 0415481821 | 352 pages | PDF | 1,8 MB

In the 18th century, the pre-modern Judeo-Greco-Christian problem of freedom and determinism is transformed by Kant into the modern problem of the freedom of human agency in the natural and cultural worlds of deterministic structures; it is this version of the freedom and determinism issue which centres the Science and Humanism debates, and thus marks the history of the social sciences. Anthony Giddens is credited with providing the new vocabulary of 'structure' and 'agency' in order to formulate the problem of freedom and determinism in those terms, thus making this formulation fruitful.In this book, Charles R. Varela proposes that Kant originally formulated this problem, and makes a series of wide-ranging and groundbreaking observations based on Kant's metaphysics of realism which enables Varela to propose a solution to the structure/agency problem. Subjects revisited in this book include: 'Giddens' Call'; the stalemate of the social and psychological sciences; the determinist tradition of modern science; and, postmodernism. This breadth of themes, drawn together by Varela with his work on Kant, fully realizes Giddens' principle that human agency is a real causal force. It is Kant's conception of causal power that is the causal force Giddens' has called for. "Science For Humanism: The Recovery of Human Agency" will be of particular interest to students of humanism and therefore realism, Kant and Giddens.

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Beyond Good and Evil

By: Friedrich Nietzsche

Nineteenth-century Europe was for him a moral wasteland filled with false altruism, duplicity, double standards, and, worst of all, moral complacency. Nietzsche spoke of innermost thoughts: morality serves the social good, which for him meant fostering the best possible society--one that strives for excellence and abhors the herd mentality.

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